Bruxism is the medical term for involuntarily grinding the teeth and clenching the jaw. People sometimes grind their teeth without it causing any symptoms or problems. But regular, persistent teeth grinding can cause jaw pain and discomfort and wear down your teeth. It can also cause headaches and earache. Occasional teeth grinding does not usually cause harm but when teeth grinding occurs on a regular basis the teeth can be damaged. Doctors don’t completely understand the causes of bruxism.

Possible cause

Emotions, such as anxiety, stress, anger, frustration or tension; aggressive, competitive or hyperactive personality type; abnormal alignment of upper and lower teeth; sleep problems, such as sleep apnea; response to pain from an earache or teething (in children); abnormal bite or missing or crooked teeth; stomach acid reflux into the esophagus; coping strategy.

Why it could be harmful

Some cases of teeth grinding can result in fracturing, loosening or even loss of teeth. Chronic grinding may wear teeth down to stumps. Bridges, crowns, implants or dentures may be needed. It can affect your jaws and even change the appearance of your face.

What I can do

Your dentist can fit you with a mouth guard. If stress is causing you to grind, ask your dentist about options to reduce your stress. Start an exercise programme, go for stress counseling or get a prescription for a muscle relaxer.

More tips to stop grinding

Avoid or cut back on caffeine and alcohol. Do not chew on pencils or pens. Avoid chewing gum, as it allows your jaw muscles to get more used to clenching and makes you more inclined to grind. If you find yourself grinding or clenching throughout the day, position the tip of your tongue between your teeth – this practice trains your jaw muscles to relax. Relax your jaw muscles before going to sleep by holding a warm cloth against your cheek in front of your earlobe.

If you suspect that you’re grinding your teeth, or if a loved-one informs you of your habit, talk to your dentist at NuDental Bloemfontein, Pretoria or Cape Town.